Hong Kong Court decides a man may war his hair long if women are allowed to do so (Gender Stereotyping)

Hong Kong Court decides a man may war his hair long if women were allowed to do so (Gender Stereotyping)

The Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal was persuaded not to follow the England and Wales Court of Appeal:  Smith v. Safeway plc (1996; female employee could wear her hair in a pony-tail but male employee could not; no sex discrimination).

The Court thus pave the way for a man’s right to wear a skirt or dress or lipstick if he wants to!  And to a woman’s right to wear anything a man can wear!

https://legalref.judiciary.hk/lrs/common/ju/ju_frame.jsp?DIS=132118,

[2020] HKCFA 37

IN THE COURT OF FINAL APPEAL OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

FINAL APPEAL NO. 8 OF 2019 (CIVIL)

(ON APPEAL FROM CACV NO. 34 OF 2017)

________________________

BETWEEN  
 LEUNG KWOK HUNGAppellant
 also known as “LONG HAIR” 
 and 
 COMMISSIONER OFRespondent
 CORRECTIONAL SERVICES 

________________________

Before:Chief Justice Ma, Mr Justice Ribeiro PJ, Mr Justice Fok PJ, Mr Justice Chan NPJ and Lord Collins of Mapesbury NPJ
Date of Hearing:28 October 2020
Date of Judgment:27 November 2020

29.  However, care needs to be taken when adopting the package approach to ensure that it does not become an exercise of merely comparing features applicable to the complainant with separate features belonging to the compared person and then asking whether overall, the two persons have been treated equally.  The approach in discrimination cases is not a “tit for tat” or “swings and roundabouts” approach.  As has been said [David Pannick: Sex Discrimination Law (1985)],[41] “In deciding whether a woman who is prevented from wearing trousers to work is being less favourably treated on the ground of her sex than a comparable man, courts and tribunals should be wary of arguments which seek to balance the fact that a woman is denied opportunity X with the fact that men are denied opportunity Y”.  This passage was referred to in the [1997 Modern Law Review] article by Robert Winte[m]ute Recognising New Kinds of Direct Sex Discrimination: Transsexualism, Sexual Orientation and Dress Codes[42] who says this: “Sex distinctions applying to different choices cannot be lumped together and their net effect examined.  Courts must look instead at their effect on the ability of individuals to make each specific choice.  For the woman who wants badminton at the same price as a man, free swimming is no consolation.  For the man who wants to wear a pony‑tail or a skirt, it is no consolation that women are prohibited from wearing short hair or trousers.” …  

See also: https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/law-and-crime/article/3111582/hong-kong-opposition-activist-wins-long-hair-fight

Czech government discriminates against same-sex couples under COVID-19 restrictions

Czech government discriminates against same-sex couples under COVID-19 restrictions

On 30 October, the Czech government adopted Government Decree n. 1113 which lifts the ban on the freedom of movement for the purposes of a wedding but not for the purposes of registration of same-sex partnership. While the only restriction on weddings pertains to number of guests, same-sex couples can only register their partnership in the case of urgency. Since same-sex couples do not have the right to marry in the Czech Republic, this Decree is directly discriminatory.

Read more on a letter from the EU Parliament’s LGBTI Intergroup.

New paper on European equality bodies working on the rights of trans and intersex persons

New paper on European equality bodies working on the rights of trans and intersex persons

On 16 November, the European Network of Equality Bodies (Equinet) published their new discussion paper with an insight on challenges faced as well as activities carried out by equality bodies to support trans and intersex persons in the context of discrimination. Following up on this report, ILGA-Europe, TGEU and OII Europe are collaborating with Equinet on a seminar to strengthen the capacity of equality bodies and national activists to work together on the protections of the rights of trans and intersex people, to take place in December 2020.

Read more and download your own copy.

Romania Constitutional Court rules gender studies ban unconstitutional

Romania Constitutional Court rules gender studies ban unconstitutional

In a majority decision, the Constitutional Court of Romania has struck down a legislative amendment that effectively banned the subject of gender studies in university education as unconstitutional.

Article 7(1)(e) of the impugned amendment was introduced earlier this year to amend Article 7 of the National Education Law No. 1/2011. The amendment prohibited any discussion in educational institutions of the “gender identity theory,” which it described as any “theory or opinion that [suggests] gender [as] a concept that is different than the biological sex”. Therefore, the provision was aimed at banning any discourse suggesting “gender” (now widely accepted to be a social construct) as different from “biological sex.”

The bill was approved by the Romanian parliament in June. Human rights organizations condemned the bill as discriminatory and violative of the Romanian Constitution as well as various international commitments including freedom of thought and expression and the right to education. It was especially seen as catastrophic for transgender and gender-diverse persons, since it pressed for denial of gender as distinct from a person’s biological sex. The bill, if passed, would have erased gender studies from the curriculum and would have prevented social workers, counselors and NGOs from discussing gender identity issues and extending support to transgender persons.

In response to growing criticism, the bill was subsequently challenged by President Klaus Iohannis at the top court, which gave its ruling on Wednesday.

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Swiss parliament approves marriage equality bill

Swiss parliament approves marriage equality bill

Switzerland’s parliament approved a bill Friday that would allow same-sex couples to marry.

The National Council, the lower house of Parliament, voted by 136 in favor to 48 against, with 16 members abstaining or otherwise voting present. The Council of States, the upper house, voted 24 to 11 in favor of the bill, with 11 not voting or abstaining. The bill was first introduced seven years ago and has gone through several rounds of debate and votes before this final approval.

Switzerland had previously allowed registered partnerships between same-sex couples, but that status did not provide the same rights that marriage provides. The bill approved on Friday also provides that both members of a lesbian couple who have a child through sperm donation will be considered parents of that child.

The conservative Christian Federal Democratic Union party announced after the vote that it would seek to have the bill put to a popular referendum. However, a recent survey shows 82% of Swiss people are in favor of extending marriage rights to same-sex couples, making a referendum unlikely to overturn the parliamentary vote.

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Hungary parliament passes bill defining families, curtailing rights of gay citizens

Hungary parliament passes bill defining families, curtailing rights of gay citizens

The Hungarian National Assembly, the country’s parliament, passed a bill amending the Hungarian Fundamental Law on Tuesday, which stipulates that a mother is a woman and a father is a man.

The bill, which is “intended to strengthen the protection of Hungarian families” and protect children, protects individuals’ rights to self-identify “according to their sex at birth.” The bill states that children will have upbringings based on the values of Hungary’s “constitutional identity and Christian culture.”

Section L, paragraph one of the amended Fundamental Law states: “Hungary protects the institution of marriage as the association between a man and a woman and the family as the basis for the survival of the nation. The foundation of the family is marriage and the parent-child relationship. The mother is a woman, the father is a man.”

The amendment also defined public money as “the revenues, expenditures and claims of the state.” This definition of public money was adopted for transparency, although critics claim that the amendment will loosen independent bodies’ oversight of government spending.

The amendment, which is the ninth amendment to Hungary’s constitution, was originally submitted on November 10. On Tuesday, 134 Members of Parliament voted for the bill, and five voted against it.

While the amendment goes into effect following its promulgation, the rules related to it only go into effect on July 1, 2023.

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Turkey’s shocking Pride March trial: The story so far

Turkey’s shocking Pride March trial: The story so far

Read: https://ilga-europe.org/blog/turkeys-shocking-pride-march-trial-story-so-far

18 students and one academic face up to three years imprisonment in Turkey, should a judgement be made against them on December 10. The charges? Participating in a Pride march. Here’s the story so far, and how you can stand up for the METU 19.


In May 2019, 19 LGBTI rights defenders were detained while gathering for a Pride march at the Middle East Technical University (METU) in the Turkish city of Ankara. The city’s governor had placed an indefinite ban on LGBTI+ public events in November 2017, under the state of emergency, which was then lifted by the Ankara court earlier in the year, months before the METU Pride march. Despite this, the METU administration still banned Pride.

Because the university administration’s decision contravened the Ankara court’s ruling, activists and students exercised their legal and human right to freedom of assembly and gathered to proceed with their annual peaceful march. The university administration then contacted the police and asked them to intervene.

Arriving at the campus, Police used excessive force to disperse the students after the peaceful Pride march began. Tear gas and plastic bullets were fired at the crowd, students were dragged across the ground, pushed up against trees and sustained head injuries, and 23 people were detained and prosecuted. After several postponements, on 10 December, 2020, which also happens to be International Human Rights Day, 19 of the detained people will face judgement, and up to three years in prison if they are not acquitted.

Gathering for a Pride march is a human right. According to Article 11 of the European Convention of Human Rights: “Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and to freedom of association with others.” Turkey is signatory of the convention.

What are the charges?

Participating in “unlawful assembly” (a peaceful Pride March) at the Middle East Technical University (METU) in 2019, and “resisting despite warning”. One student was also charged with insulting a police officer. The prosecution office claims that the police used proportional force, however, police violence was documented in eyewitness reports and video footage. None of the police officers seen using excessive force at the event have been charged.

Ahead of the trial, have a look at the timeline of events and join us in showing solidarity with the METU 19.

1996:

Students at METU formed a group to ensure a safe space for LGBTI+ people at the university.

2011:

The first METU Pride was celebrated.

November 2017:

A blanket indefinite ban on public events focused on LGBTI+ rights was issued in Ankara, using the state of emergency powers. Despite the ending of emergency rule in July 2018, the Ankara Governor’s office did not lift the ban until two years later.

21 February 2019:

Ankara’s 12th Administrative Court lifted the blanket ban on LGBTI events in the city.

6 May 2019:

The METU University Rector, Mustafa Verşan Kök, sent an email to all students, graduates, and faculty members, informing them that the Rectorate was prohibiting Pride events.

10 May 2019:

The METU Pride march went ahead, in accordance with the Ankara Court’s lifting of the ban. 22 people ­- 21 students and one professor — were detained after police forces entered the campus at the request of the university administration. Police dispersed the crowd using pepper spray, tear gas and plastic bullets. All 22 detainees were released later that day.

2 August 2019:

19 of the 22 detained LGBTI+ rights defenders were notified that a criminal case had been opened against them, related to the charges of “participating in an unlawful assembly” and “resisting despite warning”, under Article 2911 of the Turkish Penal Code.

12 November 2019:

The first hearing of the court case took place. The judgement was postponed until 12 March, 2020.

12 March 2020:

The judgement was again postponed until 10 July, 2020.

24 June 2020:

An Ankara administrative court annulled the university’s ban on 2019 METU Pride March.

12 July 2020:

The judgement was pushed back again, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

10 December 2020:

The trial is scheduled for the 19 LGBTI activists.


  • Read more about the case here.
  • Read a blog by METU LGBTI+ Solidarity Group from 2019 here.
Protests after the attacks on METU Pride 2019. Credit: ODTÜ LGBTİ+ Dayanışması

Germany: Parliament adopts new adoption law without any obligation to advise lesbians

Germany: Parliament adopts new adoption law without any obligation to advise lesbians

Die Odyssee um das Adoptionshilfegesetz und die Diskriminierungslust der Bundesregierung hat ein Ende: Ein diskriminierungsfreier Entwurf ist nun von Bundestag und Bundesrat beschlossen worden.

Keine 24 Stunden nach dem Bundestag hat auch die Länderkammer einem überarbeiteten Adoptionshilfegesetz seinen Segen gegeben. Am Donnerstagvormittag stimmte nach Aussage von Bundesratspräsident Reiner Haseloff (CDU) eine Mehrheit der Länder einem Kompromiss aus dem Vermittlungsausschuss (PDF) zu, mit dem eine Verschlechterung der Lage lesbischer Paare mit Kind verhindert wurde. Nun muss das Gesetz noch von Bundespräsident Frank-Walter Steinmeier unterzeichnet werden und kann zum 1. April 2021 in Kraft treten.

LGBTI-Aktivist*innen hatten das zustimmungspflichtige Gesetz, das eigentlich das deutsche Adoptionsrecht modernisieren soll, lange bekämpft, weil der Entwurf der Bundesregierung auch eine zusätzliche Diskriminierung für Regenbogenfamilien vorgesehen hätte. Demnach hätten sich lesbische Paare, die ein Kind bekommen, zwangsweise beraten lassen müssen, damit die Co-Mutter das Kind adoptieren darf (die sogenannte Stiefkindadoption). Diesen Weg müssen werdende Väter in heterosexuellen Ehen nie gehen, denn sie werden automatisch als Kindsvater anerkannt, egal, ob sie auch der biologische Vater sind oder nicht.

Union und SPD boxten das Gesetz trotz Kritik im Mai im Bundestag durch (queer.de berichtete). Der Bundesrat, in dem Union und SPD keine Mehrheit haben, verweigerte dem Entwurf jedoch fünf Wochen später die Zustimmung wegen dieser zusätzlichen Diskriminierung von Regenbogenfamilien (queer.de berichtete).

Weitere fünf Monate später, am 10. Dezember, einigte sich der Vermittlungsausschuss von Bundestag und Bundesrat schließlich, lesbische Ehepaare von der Beratungspflicht auszunehmen. Am Donnerstag winkte schließlich der Bundestag den korrigierten Entwurf mit den Stimmen aller demokratischen Fraktionen durch (queer.de berichtete).

More: https://www.queer.de/detail.php?article_id=37782&pk_campaign=Nwsl

Germany: Federal Social Court: Health insurance must only pay for beard hair removal by doctors for trans women

Germany: Federal Social Court: Health insurance must only pay for beard hair removal by doctors for trans women

Die Entfernung von Barthaaren bei transsexuellen Frauen zulasten der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen bleibt Ärztinnen und Ärzten vorbehalten. Eine Behandlung durch Kosmetikerinnen oder durch sogenannte Elektrologistinnen müssen die Kassen nicht bezahlen, wie das Bundessozialgericht (BSG) in Kassel in vier am Freitag bekanntgegebenen Urteilen entschied. Wenn Kassenärzt*innen diese Leistung nicht anbieten, müssen die gesetzlichen Krankenkassen danach aber wohl auch die Behandlungskosten einer privaten Arztpraxis erstatten (Az: B 1 KR 4/20 R u.a.).

Read: https://www.queer.de/detail.php?article_id=37785&pk_campaign=Nwsl

Romania: Constitutional court stops transphobic law

Romania: Constitutional court stops transphobic law

Präsident Klaus Johannis hatte das Gesetz, das die Thematisierung von trans Personen in Bildungseinrichtungen praktisch verboten hätte, dem Gericht vorgelegt.

  • 16. Dezember 2020, 17:38h, noch kein Kommentar

Ein im Juni vom rumänischen Parlament trotz Kritik aus dem In- und Ausland verabschiedetes Gesetz zum Verbot der Thematisierung der “Theorie von Geschlechtsidentität” in Bildungseinrichtungen ist vom Verfassungsgericht für verfassungswidrig erklärt worden. Das berichteten am Mittwoch rumänische Medien unter Berufung auf das Präsidialamt.

Read: https://www.queer.de/detail.php?article_id=37763&pk_campaign=Nwsl